Methods of Charging Class 12

Methods of Charging

There are three methods of charging:

(i) Charging by Friction

            If we rub two objects together, frictional electricity is generated, and there is a transfer of electrons between the two objects. The object giving up the electron acquires a positive charge, and the object receiving the electron acquires the same negative charge. For example, if we rub a glass rod with silk, the rod becomes positively charged and the silk becomes negatively charged.

Charging by Friction

         The cause of charging is the actual transfer of electrons from one material to the other.

            When an object is charged, there is a transfer of electrons. Electrons have some mass of their own, so when an object loses an electron, it acquires a positive charge, and the loss of an electron causes the mass of that object to drop. Similarly, when an object accepts an electron, a negative charge comes on that object, and due to the acceptance of the electron, the mass of the object increases.

Transfer of Electrons:

 

       Charging involves the actual transfer of electrons from one material to another. This is true for both static and dynamic charging processes.

Positive and Negative Charges:

        When an object loses electrons, it acquires a positive charge because it has more protons than electrons. Conversely, when an object gains electrons, it acquires a negative charge due to the excess of electrons.